GLP-1 FAQ's

Glucagon-like Peptide 1 and Glucose Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide (snappy, we know!)

GLP-1 and GIP are naturally occurring gut hormones that help us feel full and suppress our appetite to eat.

GLP-1 and combined GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists (GLP-1/GIPs) are a class of medicines used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. They act in a very similar way to the GLP-1 and GIP hormones naturally found in our bodies (to increase the feeling of fullness and make us less hungry)

GLP-1 and GIP have a few actions in the body. They lead to hormonal changes that reduce blood sugar. They also slow how quickly your stomach empties, which reduces your appetite.  This leads to reduced calorie intake and weight loss over time.

GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications can be used to aid weight management in people with obesity who have already tried lifestyle modifications. They must be used alongside a healthy diet and increased physical activity to promote effective weight loss. They are also prescribed to improve blood sugar and weight in people with type 2 diabetes.

Generally, GLP-1s and combined GLP-1/GIPs can be prescribed to individuals with a BMI of 30 or higher, or individuals with a BMI of 27 or higher who have at least one weight-related comorbidity (such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, or obstructive sleep apnea) but some conditions means these medications are not for everyone. On the Roczen Plus programme, GLP-1 and GLP1/GIP suitability and assessment will be conducted by our in-house team of medical doctors. 

Some common brand names for GLP-1  medications include Wegovy (semaglutide), Ozempic (semaglutide), Saxenda (liraglutide), Victoza (liraglutide), Byetta (exenatide), Trulicity (dulaglutide). GLP-1/GIP medication is sold under the brand names Mounjaro and Zepbound (tirzepatide) 

Currently, the GLP-1 approved for the treatment of obesity are liraglutide (brand name Saxenda) and semaglutide (brand name Wegovy). The GLP-1/GIP approved for treatment of obesity is tirzepatide (brand name Mounjaro) These medications are given via self-injection and are typically prescribed in higher doses compared to their doses in the management of diabetes

More recent GLP-1s (third generation GLP-1s like Wegovy) have shown to be very effective in some people. Clinical trials have demonstrated significant weight reduction, with the majority individuals achieving over 15% body weight loss or more of their initial body weight. The GLP-1/GIP medication tirzeptide has also been demonstrated to achieve clinically significant weight loss of 20-25% within a year. It’s important to remember that different people will require different treatment options, and what works for others may not work for you.

Weight loss results can vary among individuals, but many people start to see noticeable weight loss within the first few weeks to months of starting treatment with GLP-1s or GLP-1/GIPs. If you are prescribed a GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP medication and you feel like you are not making progress, please speak with your doctor who will be happy to help you.

Like any medication, GLP-1s and GLP-1/GIPs can have side effects. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation and headaches, however, these side effects are generally mild and tend to improve over time. The medication is often started at a lower dose and gradually increased over time to reduce the risk of side effects. 

The duration of treatment with GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP can vary depending on individual needs. Most people require long-term treatment. However, the duration of treatment and continued effectiveness  will be monitored by your Roczen clinician to assess the ongoing benefits and manage any potential risks.

There are a number of conditions that unfortunately mean GLP-1s or GLP-1/GIPs cannot be prescribed. GLP-1s and GLP-1/GIPs for weight loss cannot be prescribed in people with the following conditions:

History or current pancreatitis - a painful condition where there is inflammation of the pancreas

Personal or family history of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2) or Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC)

Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding as safety data is limited

Yes, GLP-1s and GLP-1/GIP medications can be used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin, however, these may need to be changed at the time you are prescribed a GLP-1.

GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications alone are not usually associated with low blood sugar (also known as hypoglycaemia). However, if used in combination with other diabetes medications that can lower blood sugar (such as insulin or sulfonylureas), there can be an increased risk. Your doctor will give you advice regarding your current medications if you are prescribed a GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP

GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as there is limited safety data available

There are no specific dietary restrictions while taking GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP medications. However, it's important to follow a healthy diet as part of a lifestyle management programme in addition to the medication.

GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications can generally be used in people with mild to moderate kidney or liver disease. Your Roczen clinician will do a full assessment of your health to assess your suitability. 

It's important to follow the specific storage instructions provided with your medication. Generally, GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medication should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). Pens in use should be thrown away after 30 days even if they still have medication left. 

GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications are typically injected subcutaneously (under the skin). They are available as pre-filled pens or syringes, and the injections are usually self-administered. Roczen will ensure you are comfortable and confident with administering the medication independently.

You will be provided with a sharps bin to allow for safe disposal of used needles. Your local pharmacy should accept the sharps bin or we can arrange for collection from your home. 

Injectable GLP-1s and GLP-1/GIPs can be taken at any time of day - regardless of meals. They are taken once weekly and should be taken on the same day of the week, at roughly the same time of day.  

While rare, there are potential signs or symptoms that may indicate a problem while taking GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP medication.  These can include signs of allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, swelling or change to your breathing), or symptoms of pancreatitis  (such as severe abdominal pain in, persistent sickness or vomiting). If you experience any concerning symptoms, it's important to seek urgent medical attention.

If you miss a dose, it's generally recommended to take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, you should skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. It's important to consult the specific medication instructions or contact your Roczen clinician for guidance if you’re not sure.

GLP-1s and GLP-1/GIPs are normally started at a low dose, which is increased over time on a standardised  protocol. Your maintenance dose is based on your individual response to the medication.

You can safely travel with GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medication but it's important to ensure proper storage and handling of the medication, especially in terms of temperature control. It's advisable to pack the medication in a travel cooler or insulated bag if necessary. Carry a sufficient supply of medication and keep it easily accessible during travel. If travelling internationally, familiarise yourself with any regulations or documentation requirements related to carrying medications. This can be further discussed with your Roczen clinician. 

The term "off-licence" refers to the use of a medication to treat a condition that is not explicitly specified in the manufacturer's product licence. 

A pharmaceutical company must conduct thorough safety checks on new medications and gain confidence in their safety for prescribing. They then apply for a licence for the medication, submitting evidence to regulatory agencies such as the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA). These authorities review the evidence and, if satisfied with the medication's proven safety and safety profile, grant a licence. The licence specifies the medication's doses, known side effects, precautions, and the specific conditions for which it can be used.

GLP-1 agonists were initially licensed specifically for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and have been established as safe and effective for this purpose. However, subsequent evidence and clinical trials have shown that the same GLP-1 agonists (for example, semaglutide) and GLP-1/GIP agonists (for example tirzepatide) are also safe and effective in managing weight, leading to their widespread use for weight management.

An off-licence medication still holds a licence and has undergone rigorous testing to ensure its safety. Like any medication, there can be side effects or specific reasons why it may not be safe to prescribe. At Roczen, our clinical team conducts a comprehensive health assessment to determine your suitability for the medication and ensure it is safe for you to receive a prescription.